Ammonia

Ammonia (NH3) PROPERTIES         This is a colourless, overpowering gas. A saturated aqueous event of ammonia piss contains 45 percent ammonia by charge at 0° C and 30 percent at ordinary room temperatures. On solution in water, ammonia becomes ammonium hydroxide, NH4OH, which is strongly basic and similar in chemical behavior to the hydroxides of the alkali metals. Ammonia melts at - 77.7°C, b rock oils at -33.35°C, and has a density of 0.68 at its boiling point and 1 cash dispenser of pressure.

        Ammonia is highly soluble in water and forms a solution k todayn as ammonium hydroxide. Ammonia is non very reactive when dry, but it reacts with many another(prenominal) chemicals when dissolved in water. Ammonium hydroxide neutralizes acids and forms the corresponding ammonium salts. For example, hydrochloric acid added to ammonium hydroxide produces a solution of ammonium chloride. When combined with about metals, ammonium hydroxide forms complex compounds called ammines. For example, the addition of ammonium hydroxide to a pale blue solution of cupric sulfate produces a deep blue solution of cupric ammine sulfate.

narration         Ammonia has been around for along time now geological dating back to the ancients. They had derived the name and the substance from sal ammoniac (a mineral that is ane of the most common and most well known of the ammonium-bearing minerals). The ammonia was produced at the Temple of Jupiter Ammon in Libya by the distillation of camel dung. During the affectionateness Ages in Europe ammonia was obtained by heating the horns and hoofs of kine and was called spirits of hartshorn.

USES         Ammonia is widely utilise as a fertilizer. Ammonium nitrate and other ammonium salts help to growth crop production because they have a high constituent of nitrogen. In some farming areas, anhydrous ammonia is now applied directly to the fields from large tanks that contain the monotonic gas.

        Large quantities of ammonia are oxidized to make azotic acid, which is needed to make such(prenominal) explosives as TNT, nitroglycerin, and ammonium nitrate. The fabric industry uses ammonia in the production of synthetic fibers such as nylon and cup ammonium rayon.



Ammonia is also used in dyeing and scouring cotton, wool, and other fibers. Ammonia water sometimes serves as a cleaning fluid and squirt be used to restore fabrics that have been stained by acids.

        Ammonia is also vital in the manufacture of many chemicals, plastics, vitamins, and drugs. For example, it acts as a catalyst in make plastics such as Bakelite, and it is used as a reactant in making melamine resins for plastics.

ANTIDOTE         The common counterpoison to ammonia tipsiness are drugs or other remedies that would counteract the effect of poisons. It may neutralize the poison chemically, as bicarbonate taken as an antidote for acid; it may render the poison water-insoluble and therefore harmless, as Epsom salt as an antidote for come before; it may absorb the poison, as charcoal as an antidote for alkaloids; or it may cost the stomach, as olive oil as an antidote for ammonia poisoning.

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